医学
促炎细胞因子
他汀类
一氧化氮
内科学
内皮功能障碍
心脏病学
炎症
药理学
内分泌学
作者
Stavroula Tsiara,Moses Elisaf,Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
标识
DOI:10.1185/030079903125002225
摘要
SUMMARYLarge-scale trials established that statin administration in hypercholesterolaemic individuals and patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) significantly reduces the risk of vascular events and death. This benefit was primarily attributed to their actions on lipids. This review focuses on the benefits (clinical and experimental) of statins observed soon (approximately 12 weeks) after their administration.Statins rapidly increase nitric oxide production and improve endothelial function (e.g. increased flow-mediated dilatation). Similarly, antioxidant properties decrease the susceptibility of low density lipoprotein cholesterol to oxidation. Statins inhibit the migration of macrophages and smooth muscle cell proliferation leading to an antiproliferative effect and the stabilisation of atherosclerotic plaques. Anti-inflammatory effects include a reduction in serum C-reactive protein levels, inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6, IL-8), adhesion molecules (e.g. ICAM-1, VCAM-1) and other acute phase proteins. Statins influence the haemostatic system. They reduce tissue factor expression and platelet activity, whereas fibrinolysis can be enhanced. Statins improve microalbuminuria, renal function, hypertension and arterial wall stiffness. A significant reduction of the carotid intima media thickness (IMT) was also reported early after statin treatment.These early effects of statins probably contribute to the significant reduction in vascular events seen in some 'short-term' studies. There is a need to further elucidate the rapid and non-lipid-lowering properties of statins.Key words: : C-reactive proteinEndothelial dysfunctionFibrinogenIntima media thicknessNitric oxideOxidationPlateletsStatins
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