Potential of Intelligent Transportation Systems in Mitigating Adverse Weather Impacts on Road Mobility: A Review

Adverse weather conditions for roads, which cause transportation systems to perform far below capacity, can severely affect society's economic output. As elimination of road weather events is not possible, transportation agencies perform proactive and reactive maintenance activities to minimize adverse impacts to keep roadways in optimum condition. While reactive maintenance activities are conducted to clear roadways after the occurrence of extreme weather events, proactive activities minimize these impacts beforehand. The success of proactive activities solely depends on the availability of accurate road weather information, however. Traditional road weather forecasting techniques rely on governmental weather services, which are not appropriate to predict route-specific road weather conditions. In this paper, the authors reviewed current intelligent transportation systems (ITS)-based solutions for minimizing road weather impacts and possible ITS innovations to incorporate diverse data sources to improve road weather management activities. ITS-based initiatives, such as road weather information system (RWIS), allow transportation agencies obtain accurate road weather assessments. Location-specific infrastructures such as RWIS are cost prohibitive for system-wide deployments. Connected vehicles equipped with weather sensors could enhance mobile road weather data collection. This strategy could improve proactive maintenance programs and reduce adverse effects of weather to the surface transportation system.