Optimal electrode-scale design of Li-ion electrodes: A general correlation

Multi-scale physics-based models, which have been parameterized and validated with discharge experiments, are optimized by varying porosity and mass loading to achieve maximum energy density. Although transport losses occur on both the electrode and particle scales, the electrode-scale optimal design is independent of the smaller scale properties. Electrode-scale properties such as tortuosity, electrolyte concentration, and Li-ion diffusion coefficient all impact optimal design. However, the impact can be generalized and the optimal results follow a general design rule that is captured in convenient correlations: ϵ=0.13log10(kϵCrτFD0c0) and Qa=kQ/kϵCrτ/(FD0c0), which provide guidelines for optimization of electrode architectures. The correlations are also in agreement with prior optimization results in the literature.