Phage-Mediated Control of Flavobacterium psychrophilum in Aquaculture: In vivo Experiments to Compare Delivery Methods

噬菌体疗法 黄杆菌 微生物学 生物 水产养殖 爆发 体内 噬菌体 细菌 病毒学 渔业 生物技术 大肠杆菌 基因 生物化学 假单胞菌 遗传学
作者
Valentina Donati,Inger Dalsgaard,Krister Sundell,Daniel Castillo,Mériem Er-Rafik,Jason Clark,Tom Wiklund,Mathias Middelboe,Lone Madsen
出处
期刊:Frontiers in Microbiology [Frontiers Media]
卷期号:12 被引量:26
标识
DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2021.628309
摘要

Phage-based approaches have gained increasing interest as sustainable alternative strategies to antibiotic treatment or as prophylactic measures against disease outbreaks in aquaculture. The potential of three methods (oral, bath, and injection) for delivering a two-component phage mixture to rainbow trout fry for controlling Flavobacterium psychrophilum infections and reduce fish mortality was investigated using bacteriophages FpV4 and FPSV-D22. For the oral administration experiment, bacteriophages were applied on feed pellets by spraying (1.6 × 10 8 PFU g –1 ) or by irreversible immobilization (8.3 × 10 7 PFU g –1 ), using the corona discharge technology (Fixed Phage Ltd.). The fish showed normal growth for every group and no mortality was observed prior to infection as well as in control groups during the infection. Constant detection of phages in the intestine (∼10 3 PFU mg –1 ) and more sporadic occurrence in kidney, spleen, and brain was observed. When fish were exposed to F. psychrophilum , no significant effect on fish survival, nor a direct impact on the number of phages in the sampled organs, were detected. Similarly, no significant increase in fish survival was detected when phages were delivered by bath (1 st and 2 nd bath: ∼10 6 PFU ml –1 ; 3 rd bath: ∼10 5 PFU ml –1 ). However, when phages FpV4 and FPSV-D22 (1.7 × 10 8 PFU fish –1 ) were administered by intraperitoneal injection 3 days after the bacterial challenge, the final percent survival observed in the group injected with bacteriophages FpV4 and FPSV-D22 (80.0%) was significantly higher than in the control group (56.7%). The work demonstrates the delivery of phages to fish organs by oral administration, but also suggests that higher phage dosages than the tested ones may be needed on feed pellets to offer fish an adequate protection against F. psychrophilum infections.
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