Ultrastructural view of astrocyte arborization, astrocyte-astrocyte and astrocyte-synapse contacts, intracellular vesicle-like structures, and mitochondrial network

星形胶质细胞 神经科学 生物 细胞生物学 神经元 突触 化学 中枢神经系统
作者
Sydney Aten,Conrad M. Kiyoshi,Emily P. Arzola,Jeremy Patterson,Anne Taylor,Yixing Du,Ally M. Guiher,Merna Philip,Elizabeth Gerviacio Camacho,Devin Mediratta,Kelsey A. Collins,Kirsten Boni,Silvana A. Garcia,Rahul Kumar,Aiden N. Drake,Ahlam Hegazi,Lindsey Trank,Emily Benson,Grahame J. Kidd,David Terman,Min Zhou
出处
期刊:Progress in Neurobiology [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:213: 102264-102264 被引量:62
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2022.102264
摘要

The complexity of astrocyte morphology and syncytial coupling through gap junctions are crucial for astrocyte function in the brain. However, the ultrastructural details of astrocyte arborization and interactions between neighboring astrocytes remain unknown. While a prevailing view is that synapses selectively contact peripheral astrocyte processes, the precise spatial-location selectivity of synapses abutting astrocytes is unresolved. Additionally, knowing the location and quantity of vesicles and mitochondria are prerequisites to answer two emerging questions - whether astrocytes have a signaling role within the brain and whether astrocytes are highly metabolically active. Here, we provided structural context for these questions by tracing and 3D reconstructing three neighboring astrocytes using serial block-face scanning electron microscopy. Our reconstructions reveal a spongiform astrocytic morphology resulting from the abundance of reflexive and leaflet processes. At the interfaces, varying sizes of astrocyte-astrocyte contacts were identified. Inside an astrocyte domain, synapses contact the entire astrocyte, and synapse-astrocyte contacts increase from soma to terminal leaflets. In contrast to densely packed vesicles at synaptic boutons, vesicle-like structures were scant within astrocytes. Lastly, astrocytes contain dense mitochondrial networks with a mitochondrial volume ratio similar to that of neurites. Together, these ultrastructural details should expand our understanding of functional astrocyte-astrocyte and astrocyte-neuron interactions.
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