Soluble‐Salt‐Template Methods

The template carbonization process is considered an efficient way to fabricate graphene with precisely tuned structures at the nanometer level. However, from the practical point of view, the poor mass producibility and high production cost of the conventional template-directed graphene render them rather difficult for wide utilization. Recently, substantial efforts have been devoted to developing a facile and versatile method, i.e. salt-template strategy, for the large-scale and low-cost fabrication of graphene and its composites with good electrical conductivity, high surface area, and porosity, as well as superior structural stability for energy storage and conversion applications. This chapter summarizes salt-template approaches for constructing 2D graphene, 3D porous graphene, and their composites toward energy storage and conversion applications. Moreover, the existing challenges and possible future trends in this burgeoning field are discussed.