Understanding cathode materials in aqueous zinc–organic batteries

Organic electrode materials (OEMs) are being investigated as promising candidates for aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) owing to their environmental friendliness, cost-effectiveness, and structural diversity, and tunability. Understanding the correlation between structural regulation of OEMs and their electrochemical property in AZIBs is vital to rational design of OEMs. Herein, we first discuss the fundamentals of the energy storage mechanism of OEMs. Then, strategies to improve the electrochemical performance, including the specific capacity, voltage, rate capability, and cycling stability, are elaborated from the perspective of molecular engineering. Finally, we share our views on the remaining challenges and prospects of OEMs in AZIBs.