Long-Term Outcomes after Performing Tympanoplasty without Mastoidectomy for Active and Inactive Noncholesteatomatous Chronic Otitis Media

<b><i>Objective:</i></b> This study aimed to assess long-term outcomes after performing tympanoplasty without mastoidectomy (TWOM) for active and inactive noncholesteatomatous chronic otitis media (COM) and to estimate the optimal time for surgery. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The patients were placed into an active ear group (group A) and an inactive ear group (group B). All patients were followed up for 5 years after TWOM. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Ninety-two cases among 113 achieved dry ears in half a month to 1 month. The tympanic pressure gradually improved 3–6 months after the operation. A total of 69/72 ears achieved dry ears in the active ear group, and 37 ears had effective hearing improvement. In all, 40/41 ears achieved dry ears in the inactive ear group, and 20 ears had effective hearing improvement. There was no difference in the recurrence rate or hearing improvement in the two groups. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> With good quality control of the surgical treatment of TWOM, there are no differences in long-term outcomes in noncholesteatomatous COM in different chronic infection conditions.