Three-Dimensional Bioprinting in Orthopaedics

» Three-dimensional (3D)-printing technology has evolved dramatically in the last 30 years, from large machines with poor resolution to those with micron-level capabilities that sit on a desktop. This technology is being utilized in numerous medical applications, particularly in orthopaedic surgery. » Over the past decade, technological advances have allowed for the application of this technology to the field of tissue engineering through the process of 3D bioprinting. » Of interest to orthopaedic surgeons, active areas of research utilizing this technology involve the bioprinting of articular cartilage, bone, menisci, and intervertebral discs.