The matrilineal ancestry of Nepali populations

单倍群 生物 人口 东亚 线粒体DNA 遗传多样性 人线粒体DNA单倍型 地理 进化生物学 人口学 遗传学 考古 单倍型 基因型 基因 中国 社会学
作者
Rajdip Basnet,Niraj Rai,Rakesh Tamang,Nagendra Awasthi,Isha Pradhan,Pawan Parajuli,Deepak Kashyap,Alla Govardhan Reddy,Gyaneshwer Chaubey,Krishna Das Manandhar,Tilak Ram Shrestha,Kumarasamy Thangaraj
出处
期刊:Human Genetics [Springer Science+Business Media]
卷期号:142 (2): 167-180 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00439-022-02488-z
摘要

The Tibetan plateau and high mountain ranges of Nepal are one of the challenging geographical regions inhabited by modern humans. While much of the ethnographic and population-based genetic studies were carried out to investigate the Tibetan and Sherpa highlanders, little is known about the demographic processes that enabled the colonization of the hilly areas of Nepal. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the past demographic events that shaped the extant Nepalese genetic diversity using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variations from ethnic Nepalese groups. We have analyzed mtDNA sequences of 999 Nepalese and compared data with 38,622 published mtDNA sequences from rest of the world. Our analysis revealed that the genomic landscapes of prehistoric Himalayan settlers of Nepal were similar to that of the low-altitude extant Nepalese (LAN), especially Newar and Magar population groups, but differ from contemporary high-altitude Sherpas. LAN might have derived their East Eurasian ancestry mainly from low-altitude Tibeto-Burmans, who likely have migrated from East Asia and assimilated across the Eastern Himalayas extended from the Eastern Nepal to the North-East of India, Bhutan, Tibet and Northern Myanmar. We also identified a clear genetic sub-structure across different ethnic groups of Nepal based on mtDNA haplogroups and ectodysplasin-A receptor (EDAR) gene polymorphism. Our comprehensive high-resolution mtDNA-based genetic study of Tibeto-Burman communities reconstructs the maternal origins of prehistoric Himalayan populations and sheds light on migration events that have brought most of the East Eurasian ancestry to the present-day Nepalese population.
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