Recent advance and applications of covalent organic frameworks based on magnetic solid-phase extraction technology for food safety analysis

Magnetic covalent organic frameworks (MCOFs), which constitute an emerging class of magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) sorbents, have been widely utilized in the enrichment and analysis of trace contaminants in food because of their facile synthesis, environmental friendliness, high porosity, functional modification and preengineered structures. This review outlines the classic MCOFs-based MSPE procedure and possible extraction mechanism for food contaminants. Based on previous research results, the latest design and fabrication methods of different MCOFs are briefly elaborated. Notably, this review highlights the recent application progress of MCOFs in the preconcentration and analysis of pesticides, drugs, polymer additives, pyrolysis products, and other types of food contaminants. Finally, the future challenges and possible solutions of the MCOFs in food safety analysis are noted. This review is in an effort to offer a theoretical basis for the future application of MCOFs in food safety analysis.