Formation and speciation of hazardous trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids during chlorinated washing of brined kimchi cabbage in the presence of bromide

卤乙酸 化学 溴化物 消毒剂 卤水 环境化学 腌制 盐(化学) 盐析 无机化学 有机化学 食品科学 水溶液
作者
Su‐Yeon Kim,Ji-Hyuong Ha
出处
期刊:Journal of Hazardous Materials [Elsevier]
卷期号:455: 131557-131557
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131557
摘要

Brominated disinfection byproducts (Br-DBPs) may be generated in high concentrations during the chlorinated washing of brined kimchi cabbage (BKC) in kimchi manufacturing. However, the generation of these DBPs is not sufficiently understood. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the formation and speciation of the DBPs trihalomethanes (THMs) and haloacetic acids (HAAs) during the chlorinated washing process. The average bromide content in 22 salt products sourced from various regions of Korea was 1600 ± 468 mg/kg. Increasing bromide content shifted the speciation of DBPs from chlorinated to mixed bromochloro to brominated species, which would be more harmful than their chlorinated analogs. DBP formation during the washing of BKC at average bromide levels changed based on the brine salinity, salting temperature, and disinfectant type. Based on our findings, we recommend that low salinity and low temperature should be maintained during the salting of KC and that NaOCl should be used as the disinfectant rather than slightly acidic electrolyzed water during the chlorinated washing of KC to alleviate the formation of Br-DBPs. Moreover, we recommend the use of salts with low bromide levels for the salting of KC and the addition of a rinse step after chlorinated washing.
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