Higher subjective socioeconomic status is linked to increased charitable giving and mentalizing-related neural value coding

心理化 心理学 亲社会行为 功能磁共振成像 神经认知 心理理论 社会经济地位 颞顶交界 社会认知 社会神经科学 发展心理学 利他主义(生物学) 认知 认知心理学 社会心理学 人口 神经科学 前额叶皮质 医学 环境卫生
作者
Stefan Schulreich,Anita Tusche,Philipp Kanske,Lars Schwabe
出处
期刊:NeuroImage [Elsevier]
卷期号:279: 120315-120315
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120315
摘要

Socioeconomic status (SES), a concept related to an individual's economic and social position relative to others, can shape social interactions like altruistic behaviors. However, little is known about the exact neurocognitive mechanisms that link SES with altruism. Our study aimed to provide a comprehensive account of the sociocognitive and neural mechanisms through which SES affects charitable giving - an important variant of human altruism. To this end, participants completed a charitable donation task while their brain activity was measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We also assessed participants' socio-cognitive ability to infer other people's mental states (i.e., mentalizing) - a driver of prosocial behavior - in an independent social task. Behaviorally, we found that both charitable giving and social cognition were status-dependent, as subjective SES positively predicted donations and mentalizing capacity. Moreover, the link between SES and charitable giving was mediated by individuals' mentalizing capacity. At the neural level, a multivariate pattern analysis of fMRI data revealed that higher subjective SES was associated with stronger value coding in the right temporoparietal junction (rTPJ). The strength of this value representation predicted charitable giving and was linked to mentalizing. Furthermore, we observed an increased negative functional coupling between rTPJ and left putamen with higher SES. Together, increased charitable giving in higher-status individuals could be explained by status-dependent recruitment of mentalizing-related value coding and altered functional connectivity in the brain. Our findings provide insights into the socio- and neurocognitive mechanisms explaining why and when higher SES leads to prosociality, which might ultimately inform targeted interventions to promote prosocial behavior in human societies.
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