Design and application: Simplified electrochemical modeling for Lithium-ion batteries in whole lifespan

In order to expedite battery development cycles and optimize design, electrochemical model is widely employed to investigate battery performance. However, while these models have been proven efficient in reducing experimental costs, most of them do not sufficiently account for capacity degradation throughout the entire life cycle of the battery. To address this issue, a pseudo-two-dimensional model is developed to better characterize charge-discharge characteristics, taking into account capacity fading effects. Firstly, the impact of relevant design parameters on internal resistance is addressed, which is significant for optimizing battery design and reducing internal resistance. Secondly, to shorten battery charging time, a two-step constant current charging strategy with the negative electrode potential as the threshold is proposed and its efficacy is verified. Compared to constant current-constant voltage charging strategies, the designed novel approach reduces the charging time by 20 % and significantly reduces capacity fading caused by thickening solid electrolyte interphase films. Finally, the retired battery specific load profiles are input into the model to analyze changes in battery performance and estimate battery life for a second use.