Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics reveal changes in cell heterogeneity during progression of human tendinopathy

肌腱病 生物 祖细胞 细胞 间质细胞 人口 生物信息学 肌腱 干细胞 病理 细胞生物学 医学 解剖 遗传学 癌症研究 环境卫生
作者
Weili Fu,Runze Yang,Jian Li
出处
期刊:BMC Biology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:21 (1) 被引量:11
标识
DOI:10.1186/s12915-023-01613-2
摘要

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal tissue degeneration impairs the life quality and motor function of many people, especially seniors and athletes. Tendinopathy is one of the most common diseases associated with musculoskeletal tissue degeneration, representing a major global healthcare burden that affects both athletes and the general population, with the clinical presentation of long-term recurring chronic pain and decreased tolerance to activity. The cellular and molecular mechanisms at the basis of the disease process remain elusive. Here, we use a single-cell and spatial RNA sequencing approach to provide a further understanding of cellular heterogeneity and molecular mechanisms underlying tendinopathy progression. Results To explore the changes in tendon homeostasis during the tendinopathy process, we built a cell atlas of healthy and diseased human tendons using single-cell RNA sequencing of approximately 35,000 cells and explored the variations of cell subtypes’ spatial distributions using spatial RNA sequencing. We identified and localized different tenocyte subpopulations in normal and lesioned tendons, found different differentiation trajectories of tendon stem/progenitor cells in normal/diseased tendons, and revealed the spatial location relationship between stromal cells and diseased tenocytes. We deciphered the progression of tendinopathy at a single-cell level, which is characterized by inflammatory infiltration, followed by chondrogenesis and finally endochondral ossification. We found diseased tissue-specific endothelial cell subsets and macrophages as potential therapeutic targets. Conclusions This cell atlas provides the molecular foundation for investigating how tendon cell identities, biochemical functions, and interactions contributed to the tendinopathy process. The discoveries revealed the pathogenesis of tendinopathy at single-cell and spatial levels, which is characterized by inflammatory infiltration, followed by chondrogenesis, and finally endochondral ossification. Our results provide new insights into the control of tendinopathy and potential clues to developing novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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