Measures affecting driving safety and experience in the era of semi-autonomous driving: In-vehicle interaction design toolkit

Semi-autonomous driving technology has rapidly advanced, enhancing driver convenience and comfort. However, ensuring driving safety remains a critical challenge for autonomous vehicle development. Moreover, drivers' expectations for driving experience are also increasing. This paper develops a design toolkit to help evaluate the in-vehicle interaction methods in terms of both driving safety and driving experience dimensions. We first conducted user interviews to identify 19 interaction methods. Then, an online questionnaire was conducted to assess the reliability and usability of these 19 interaction methods. Based on the results, we propose two interaction toolkits for semi-autonomous driving, the Usability Interaction Toolkit and the Reliability Interaction Toolkit, which are referred to as the IVI (In-Vehicle Interaction) toolkit. The proposed IVI Toolkit serves as a reference for customized safety maps in this evolving field. Meanwhile, it can be drawn upon to compare and evaluate the reliability and usability of the new interaction methods.