Competitive cryochemical reactions of transition metal atoms, clusters and nanosized particles

Specific features of cryochemical reactions of transition metal atoms, small clusters, complexes and nanoparticles are considered. New phenomena that arise in nano- and subnanoscale systems at low temperatures are analysed. It is shown that the competition between self-assembly processes of metal atoms and reactions of metal aggregates of different size with organic and inorganic reagents determines the chemical nature and properties of the intermediate and final products. Special attention is paid to the analysis of size effects caused by the dependence of the reactivity of metal clusters and nanoparticles on the number of constituent atoms. Prospects for the use of competitive cryochemical reactions are discussed.