突触可塑性
突触增强
非突触性可塑性
突触疲劳
长时程增强
变质塑性
神经科学
突触后电位
突触标度
神经传递
同突触可塑性
生物
神经促进
神经元记忆分配
突触后密度
抑制性突触后电位
兴奋性突触后电位
受体
生物化学
作者
Jinhui Wang,Gladys Y.‐P. Ko,Paul Kelly
出处
期刊:Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology
[Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer)]
日期:1997-07-01
卷期号:14 (4): 264-293
被引量:65
标识
DOI:10.1097/00004691-199707000-00002
摘要
Discoveries made during the past decade have greatly improved our understanding of how the nervous system functions. This review article examines the relation between memory and the cellular mechanisms of neuronal and synaptic plasticity in the central nervous system. Evidence indicating that activity-dependent short- and long-term changes in strength of synaptic transmission are important for memory processes is examined. Focus is placed on one model of synaptic plasticity called long-term potentiation, and its similarities with memory processes are illustrated. Recent studies show that the regulation of synaptic strength is bidirectional (e.g., synaptic potentiation or depression). Mechanisms involving intracellular signaling pathways that regulate synaptic strength are described, and the specific roles of calcium, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, and retrograde messengers are emphasized. Evidence suggests that changes in synaptic ultrastructure, dendritic ultrastructure, and neuronal gene expression may also contribute to mechanisms of synaptic plasticity. Also discussed are recent findings about postsynaptic mechanisms that regulate short-term synaptic facilitation and neuronal burst-pattern activity, as well as evidence about the subcellular location (presynaptic or postsynaptic) of mechanisms involved in long-term synaptic plasticity.
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