医学
放射科
乳腺摄影术
乳腺癌
鉴别诊断
黑色素瘤
炎症性乳腺癌
病理
癌症
内科学
癌症研究
作者
Almir Galvão Vieira Bitencourt,Roberta Rodrigues Monteiro da Gama,Luciana Graziano,Erika Marina Solla Negrão,Silvia M P S Sabino,Anapaula Hidemi Uema Watanabe,Camila Souza Guatelli,Juliana Alves de Souza,Edmundo Carvalho Mauad,Elvira Ferreira Marques
出处
期刊:British Journal of Radiology
[British Institute of Radiology]
日期:2017-05-09
卷期号:90 (1077)
被引量:59
摘要
Breast metastases from extramammary cancers are rare and usually related to poor prognosis. The extramammary tumours most frequently exhibiting breast metastases are melanoma, lymphomas, ovarian cancer, lung and neuroendocrine tumours, and sarcomas. Owing to the lack of reliable and specific clinical or radiological signs for the diagnosis of breast metastases, a combination of techniques is needed to differentiate these lesions from primary breast carcinoma or even benign breast lesions. Multiple imaging methods may be used to evaluate these patients, including mammography, ultrasound, MRI, CT and positron emission tomography CT. Clinical and imaging manifestations are varied, depend on the form of dissemination of the disease and may mimic primary benign and malignant breast lesions. Haematologically disseminated metastases often develop as a circumscribed mass, whereas lymphatic dissemination often presents as diffuse breast oedema and skin thickening. Unlike primary carcinomas, breast metastases generally do not have spiculated margins, skin or nipple retraction. Microlobulated or indistinct margins may be present in some cases. Although calcifications are not frequently present in metastatic lesions, they occur more commonly in patients with ovarian cancer. Although rare, secondary malignant neoplasms should be considered in the differential diagnosis of breast lesions, in the appropriate clinical setting. Knowledge of the most common imaging features can help to provide the correct diagnosis and adequate therapeutic planning.
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