内容分析
终结性评价
编码(社会科学)
计算机科学
意义(存在)
定性研究
可信赖性
心理学
背景(考古学)
口译(哲学)
内容(测量理论)
定性分析
社会心理学
数学教育
数学
形成性评价
社会学
统计
社会科学
古生物学
数学分析
程序设计语言
生物
心理治疗师
作者
Hsiu-Fang Hsieh,Sarah E. Shannon
标识
DOI:10.1177/1049732305276687
摘要
Content analysis is a widely used qualitative research technique. Rather than being a single method, current applications of content analysis show three distinct approaches: conventional, directed, or summative. All three approaches are used to interpret meaning from the content of text data and, hence, adhere to the naturalistic paradigm. The major differences among the approaches are coding schemes, origins of codes, and threats to trustworthiness. In conventional content analysis, coding categories are derived directly from the text data. With a directed approach, analysis starts with a theory or relevant research findings as guidance for initial codes. A summative content analysis involves counting and comparisons, usually of keywords or content, followed by the interpretation of the underlying context. The authors delineate analytic procedures specific to each approach and techniques addressing trustworthiness with hypothetical examples drawn from the area of end-of-life care.
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