A novel nomogram for early prediction of death in severe neurological disease patients with electroencephalographic periodic discharges.

Abstract Objective To investigate death-related factors in patients with electroencephalographic (EEG) periodic discharges (PDs) and to construct a model for death prediction. Methods This case-control study enrolled a total of 80 severe neurological disease patients with EEG PDs within 72 h of admission to the neuroscience intensive care unit (NICU). According to modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores half a year after discharge, patients were divided into a survival group ( Results Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the involvement of both gray and white matter in imaging, disappearance of EEG reactivity, occurrence of stimulus-induced rhythmic, periodic, or ictal discharges (SIRPIDs), and an interval time of 0.5–4 s were independent risk factors for death. A regression model was established according to the multivariate logistic regression analysis, and the area under the curve of this model was 0.9135. The accuracy of the model was 87.01%, the sensitivity was 87.17%, and the specificity was 89.17%. A nomogram model was constructed, and a concordance index of 0.914 was obtained after internal validation. Conclusion The regression model based on risk factors has high accuracy in predicting the risk of death of patients with EEG PDs. Significance This model can help clinicians in the early assessment of the prognosis of severe neurological disease patients with EEG PDs.