Room-temperature spin–orbit torque in NiMnSb

物理 凝聚态物理 自旋(空气动力学) 扭矩 轨道(动力学) 物理学家 量子力学 航空航天工程 热力学 工程类
作者
Chiara Ciccarelli,Laurel E. Anderson,Vahe Tshitoyan,A. J. Ferguson,F. Gerhard,C. Gould,L. W. Molenkamp,Jacob Gayles,Jakub Železný,Libor Šmejkal,Zhe Yuan,Jairo Sinova,Frank Freimuth,T. Jungwirth
出处
期刊:Nature Physics [Nature Portfolio]
卷期号:12 (9): 855-860 被引量:92
标识
DOI:10.1038/nphys3772
摘要

Materials that crystallize in diamond-related lattices, with Si and GaAs as their prime examples, are at the foundation of modern electronics. Simultaneously, inversion asymmetries in their crystal structure and relativistic spin–orbit coupling led to discoveries of non-equilibrium spin-polarization phenomena that are now extensively explored as an electrical means for manipulating magnetic moments in a variety of spintronic structures. Current research of these relativistic spin–orbit torques focuses primarily on magnetic transition-metal multilayers. The low-temperature diluted magnetic semiconductor (Ga, Mn)As, in which spin–orbit torques were initially discovered, has so far remained the only example showing the phenomenon among bulk non-centrosymmetric ferromagnets. Here we present a general framework, based on the complete set of crystallographic point groups, for identifying the potential presence and symmetry of spin–orbit torques in non-centrosymmetric crystals. Among the candidate room-temperature ferromagnets we chose to use NiMnSb, which is a member of the broad family of magnetic Heusler compounds. By performing all-electrical ferromagnetic resonance measurements in single-crystal epilayers of NiMnSb we detect room-temperature spin–orbit torques generated by effective fields of the expected symmetry and of a magnitude consistent with our ab initio calculations. The detection of spin–orbit torques in a non-centrosymmetric magnetic Heusler alloy at room temperature could guide the search for materials whose magnetism can efficiently be manipulated using electrical currents.
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