A US Multicenter Collaborative Study on Outcomes of Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation in Hepatosplenic T-Cell Lymphoma

: Hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is a rare and aggressive type of peripheral T-cell lymphoma with median overall survival (OS) of approximately 1 year. Data on the effectiveness of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is limited, as is the choice between autologous HCT (auto-HCT) and allogeneic HCT (allo-HCT) in the treatment of this disease. : To evaluate the outcome of patients with HSTCL who underwent either auto-HCT or allo-HCT. : We performed a multi-institutional retrospective cohort study to assess outcomes of HCT in HSTCL patients. : Fifty-three patients with HSTCL were included in the study. Thirty-six patients received an allo-HCT and 17 an auto-HCT. Thirty-five (66%) were males. Median age at diagnosis was 38 (range 2–64) years. Median follow-up for survivors was 75 months (range 8-204). The median number of prior lines of therapy was 1 (range 1-4). Median OS and progression-free survival (PFS) for the entire cohort were 78.5 months (95% CI: 25-79) and 54 months (95% CI: 18-75), respectively. There were no significant differences in OS (HR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.28-1.45, p=0.245) or PFS (HR: 0.7, 95% CI: 0.32-1.57, p=0.365) between the allo-HCT and auto-HCT groups, respectively. In the allo-HCT group, the 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse was 35% (95% CI: 21-57), while 3-year cumulative incidence of NRM was 16% (95% CI: 7-35). In the auto-HCT group, the 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse and NRM were 43% (95% CI: 23-78) and 14% (95% CI: 4-52), respectively. : Both Auto-HCT and Allo-HCT are effective consolidative strategies in patients with HSTCL, and patients should be promptly referred for HCT evaluation.