Sjogren syndrome and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction: A propensity-score matched analysis of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample 2005-2018

This study aimed to evaluate the potential associations between Sjogren syndrome and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) hospitalization. This population-based, retrospective observational study extracted data from the US Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) between 2005 and 2018. Adults ≥ 20 years hospitalized for AMI were eligible for inclusion. Propensity score matching (PSM) was applied to balance the characteristics between the comparison groups (i.e., with and without Sjogren syndrome). Associations between Sjogren syndrome and in-hospital outcomes were determined using univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses. A total of 1,735,142 patients were included. After PSM, 4,740 patients remained for subsequent analyses (948 had Sjogren syndrome and 3,792 did not). After adjustment, patients with Sjogren syndrome had significantly lower in-hospital mortality (adjusted OR [aOR]: 0.52, 95% CI:0.36- 0.73, p<0.001), prolonged LOS (aOR: 0.83, 95% CI: 0.69-0.995, p=0.044), cardiogenic shock (aOR: 0.58, 95% CI:0.40-0.83, p=0.004), cardiac dysrhythmias (aOR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.66-0.90, p<0.001), AKI (aOR: 0.56, 95% CI: 0.45-0.70, p<0.001), or respiratory failure (aOR: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.48- 0.81, p<0.001) than those without Sjogren syndrome. The stratified analysis revealed that Sjogren syndrome was associated with decreased odds of in-hospital mortality in patients with NSTEMI or STEMI. In conclusion, in patients admitted to US hospitals for AMI, patients with Sjogren syndrome have a lowered probability of in-hospital mortality, certain morbidities, and prolonged LOS. Further investigations should be conducted to establish a robust understanding of the associations observed.