An improved method for tubulin staining of ciliated eukaryotes

Ciliated microeukaryotes (ciliates) are distinguished by their cilia, which are rich in tubulin. We developed a method for tubulin staining in ciliate cells that involves using live-cell tubulin-staining dyes instead of antibodies thereby streamlining the staining process, which is effective across diverse ciliate lineages. Moreover, our method allows integration with immunofluorescence staining using antibodies when needed. The potential applications of this technique extend to cell biology and ciliate morphological and ecological studies.