[Analysis on characteristic of stage Ⅰ occupational cement pneumoconiosis patients].

Objective: To analyze the clinical and imaging characteristics of stage Ⅰ occupational cement pneumoconiosis patients. Methods: In October 2021, the data of patients with occupational cement pneumoconiosis diagnosed by the Third Hospital of Peking University from 2014 to 2020 were collected, and the data of the patients' initial exposure age, dust exposure duration, diagnosis age, incubation period, chest X-ray findings, lung function and other data were analyzed retrospectively. Spearman grade correlation was used for correlation analysis of grade count data. The influencing factors of lung function were analyzed by binary logistic regression. Results: A total of 107 patients were enrolled in the study. There were 80 male patients and 27 female patients. The inital exposure age was (26.2±7.7) years, the diagnosis age was (59.4±7.9) years, the dust exposure duration was (17.9±8.0) years, and the incubation period was (33.1±10.3) years. The initial dust exposure age and the dust exposure duration in female patients were less than those in men, and the incubation period was longer than that in men (P<0.05). The imaging analysis showed the small opacities as"pp"accounted for 54.2%. 82 patients (76.6%) had small opacities distributed in two lung areas. The lung areas distribution of small opacities in female patients was less than that in male patients (2.04±0.19 vs 2.41±0.69, P<0.001). There were 57 cases of normal pulmonary function, 41 cases of mild abnormality and 9 cases of moderate abnormality. The number of lung regions with small opacities on X-ray was the risk factor for abnormal lung function in cement pneumoconiosis patients (OR=2.491, 95%CI=1.197-5.183, P=0.015) . Conclusion: The patients with occupational cement pneumoconiosis had long dust exposure duration and incubation period, light imaging changes and pulmonary function damage. The abnormal lung function was related to the range of pulmonary involvement.目的： 探讨职业性水泥尘肺壹期患者的临床和影像学特征。 方法： 于2021年10月，收集北京大学第三医院2014至2020年初次诊断为职业性水泥尘肺壹期患者的资料，回顾性分析患者的开始接尘年龄、接尘工龄、诊断年龄、潜伏期、X线胸片表现、肺功能等资料。等级计数资料的相关性分析采用Spearman等级相关。肺功能的影响因素分析采用二元logistic回归分析。 结果： 共107例患者纳入研究。男性患者80例，女性27例。开始接尘年龄（26.2±7.7）岁，诊断年龄（59.4±7.9）岁，工龄（17.9±8.0）年，潜伏期（33.1±10.3）年。女性患者开始接尘年龄及接尘工龄小于男性，潜伏期大于男性（P<0.05）。X线胸片以p/p形小阴影为主（54.2%）。82例患者（76.6%）小阴影分布为2个肺区。女性患者小阴影分布肺区数（2.04±0.19）少于男性（2.41±0.69），差异有统计学意义（P<0.001）。肺功能正常57例，轻度异常41例，中度异常9例。X线小阴影分布肺区数是水泥尘肺患者肺功能异常的危险因素（OR=2.491，95%CI=1.197~5.183，P=0.015）。 结论： 职业性水泥尘肺患者接尘工龄、潜伏期长，进展缓慢，影像学改变及肺功能损害程度较轻，肺功能异常与肺区受累的范围相关。.