Interactions of NK Cells and Macrophages: From Infections to Cancer Therapeutics

The interaction between immune cells brings a consequence either on their role and functioning or the functioning of the other immune cells, modulating the whole mechanistic pathway. The interaction between natural killer (NK) cells and macrophages is one such interaction which is relatively less explored amongst diseased conditions. Their significance comes from their innate nature and secretion of large proportions of cytokines and chemokines which results in influencing adaptive immune responses. Their interplay can lead to several functional outcomes such as NK cell activation/inhibition, increased cytotoxicity and IFNγ release by NK cells, inhibition of macrophage function, etc. This paper delves into the interaction amongst NK cells and macrophages via different receptor-ligands and cytokines, particularly emphasising microbial infections and tumours. The review has the potential to uncover new insights and approaches that could lead to the development of innovative therapeutic tools and targets.