Numerical simulation of horizontal bearing characteristics of cement-soil reinforced rock-socketed steel pipe monopile considering cementation damage

To investigate the effects of cement-soil around offshore wind farm rock-socketed steel pipe monopile on the horizontal bearing capacity, a three-dimensional numerical model of clay-cement soil-steel pipe piles was established using ABAQUS. The modelling process and contact settings were improved, and a constitutive model that reflected the cementation damage behaviour of cement-soil was introduced and verified through triaxial testing. The influence of cement-soil reinforcement width and reinforcement depth on the horizontal bearing capacity of steel pipe monopiles with different diameters was analysed, and optimal design parameters were obtained by varying the model parameters. This study also examined the impact of cement-soil on the failure mode of steel pipe monopiles and clarified the strengthening mechanism. The results have practical implications for the design and construction of offshore wind farm pile foundations.