[Effect of phacoemulsification on the Berger space].

Objective: To investigate the effect of phacoemulsification on the Berger space (BS). Methods: A prospective cohort study. Patients with cataract who underwent phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation in the Department of Ophthalmology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University from May 2021 to October 2021 were enrolled. The BS was observed by slit-lamp microscopy and anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) before and 1 month after operation. Intraoperative optical coherence tomography with a 25G optical fiber was performed to observe the BS. The number of eyes with the BS and materials in the BS (MIB) detected perioperatively was counted, and the width of the BS was measured. Statistical analysis was carried out by the Chi-square test, generalized estimating equations, Mann-Whitney U test and binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 119 patients (119 eyes) were included [44 males, 75 females; mean age, (65±12) years]. Preoperatively, the BS was identified in only 4 eyes (3.4%), and no MIB was found. Intraoperatively, the BS was identified in 47 eyes (39.5%), and the MIB was observed in 20 eyes (16.8%). At one month postoperatively, the BS was identified in 33 eyes (27.7%), of which 16 eyes (13.4%) still had MIB. There were significant differences in the detection rates of the BS and MIB between intraoperative and preoperative groups (both P<0.001). The difference in the detection rate of the BS postoperatively compared to intraoperatively was statistically significant (P=0.001), while the difference in the detection rate of MIB was not statistically significant (P>0.05). The intraoperative and postoperative width of the BS [M (Q1, Q3)] was 160.3 (61.6, 273.1) μm and 106.8 (0, 259.4) μm, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (Z=-2.28, P=0.023). In addition, the detection rate of the BS and MIB in patients with a high risk of zonular fiber weakness [60.7% (17/28) and 42.9% (12/28)] was significantly higher than that in patients without this risk factor [33.0% (30/91) and 8.8% (8/91)] (χ²=6.90, P=0.009; P<0.001). In the multivariable model, weakness of zonular fibers (OR=0.214, 95%CI: 0.081 to 0.561) and higher cumulative dissipated energy (OR=1.255, 95%CI: 1.047 to 1.504) were the main risk factors for structural changes of the BS intraoperatively. Conclusion: Phacoemulsification can damage the normal anatomical structure of the BS, resulting in intraoperative entrance of fluid and particulates to the BS.目的： 探讨超声乳化白内障吸除术对Berger间隙（BS）的影响。 方法： 前瞻性队列研究。选取2021年5至10月在南通大学附属医院眼科行超声乳化白内障吸除人工晶状体（IOL）植入术的白内障患者。术前和术后1个月采用裂隙灯显微镜和眼前节相干光层析成像术（AS-OCT）、术中采用显微集成术中相干光层析成像术（iOCT）及25G导光纤维辅助下对BS进行观察。统计围手术期BS及BS内颗粒物质（MIB）的发现率并测量BS宽度，记录术中超声乳化能量、时间等参数。采用χ²检验、广义估计方程、Mann-Whitney U检验及logistic回归分析进行统计学分析。 结果： 共纳入119例（119只眼）患者，其中男性44例，女性75例，年龄（65±12）岁。术前仅有4只眼（3.4%）可观察到BS，均未发现MIB；术中于皮质吸除后、植入IOL前，在47只眼（39.5%）中观察到BS，其中20只眼（16.8%）出现MIB；而术后1个月有33只眼（27.7%）可观察到BS，其中16只眼（13.4%）仍存在MIB。术中与术前相比，BS的发现率和MIB的发现率差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.001）；术后与术中相比，BS的发现率差异有统计学意义（P=0.001），而MIB发现率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。术中和术后BS的宽度［M（Q1，Q3）］分别为160.3（61.6，273.1）μm和106.8（0，259.4）μm，差异有统计学意义（Z=-2.28，P=0.023）。此外，存在悬韧带脆弱高危因素的术眼术中BS的发现率［60.7%（17/28）］和MIB的发现率［42.9%（12/28）］显著高于无悬韧带脆弱高危因素者［33.0%（30/91）和8.8%（8/91）］，差异均有统计学意义（χ²=6.90，P=0.009；P<0.001）。多因素logistic回归分析提示存在悬韧带脆弱高危因素（OR=0.214，95%CI：0.081~0.561）和超声乳化累计能量复合参数较高（OR=1.255，95%CI：1.047~1.504）是导致术中BS结构改变的主要危险因素。 结论： 超声乳化白内障吸除术可损伤BS正常解剖结构，导致术中前、后房内的液体和颗粒物质进入BS。.