Joining of titanium and stainless steel by using different welding processes: A review

In recent years, there is a huge demand in various industries on use of different material combination with contradictory properties for overall cost reduction and performance enhancement. As a result, use of advanced and hybrid welding techniques, development in conventional welding process etc. goes on hike to meet the expectation of dissimilar metal welding and their large-scale production. Particularly the joining of Titanium (Ti) and stainless-steel (SS) dissimilar metal couple is extensively employed for various industrial applications, i.e., nuclear, aviation, automobile, power generation and transmission, chemical industries etc. The main motivation of this combination offers superior corrosion resistance and high strength. The objective of the present study is to address the recent development on joining of Ti-SS metal couple combination by several welding processes, followed by their mechanical and metallurgical properties. It is also observed that the joining of such combination through the fusion welding process quite challenging to achieve desire properties, as the brittle intermetallics such as FeTi/Fe2Ti may formed during process. To overcome such issues, use of interlayer with low melting point than the base metal may proceed to some remarkable achievement.