牛磺酸
神经保护
兴奋毒性
内质网
未折叠蛋白反应
细胞生物学
线粒体
调节器
神经科学
化学
生物
细胞凋亡
程序性细胞死亡
生物化学
氨基酸
基因
作者
Neeta Kumari,Howard Prentice,Jang‐Yen Wu
标识
DOI:10.1007/978-1-4614-6130-2_2
摘要
Taurine plays multiple roles in the CNS including acting as a neuro-modulator, an osmoregulator, a regulator of cytoplasmic calcium levels, a trophic factor in development, and a neuroprotectant. In neurons taurine has been shown to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and to protect against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress associated with neurological disorders. In cortical neurons in culture taurine protects against excitotoxicity through reversing an increase in levels of key ER signaling components including eIF-2-alpha and cleaved ATF6. The role of communication between the ER and mitochondrion is also important and examples are presented of protection by taurine against ER stress together with prevention of subsequent mitochondrial initiated apoptosis.
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