most conservative estimate of any authority is $40 per man, but this, as well as every other estimate, is, after all, only an estimate. No one has yet used an exact cost system for recording the waste of unnecessary hiring and firing. I myself prepared such a system and submitted it to the employment managers' division of the Executives' Club last September. As yet no one has put it into effect, although several plants have promised to do so as soon as conditions warrant.