Diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) attenuate hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia in mice induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet

Studies have shown that targeting xanthine oxidase (XO) can be a feasible treatment for fructose-induced hyperuricemia and hyperglycemia. This study aimed to evaluate the dual regulatory effects and molecular mechanisms of diacylated anthocyanins from purple sweet potato (diacylated AF-PSPs) on hyperglycemia and hyperuricemia induced by a high-fructose/high-fat diet. The body weight, organ index, serum biochemical indexes, and liver antioxidant indexes of mice were measured, and the kidneys were observed in pathological sections. The relative expression levels of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) of fructose metabolism pathway enzymes in kidney were detected by fluorescent real-time quantitative polymerase chain (qPCR) reaction technique, and the expression of renal transporter protein and inflammatory factor pathway protein was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique. Results showed that diacylated AF-PSPs alleviated hyperuricemia in mice, and that this effect might be related to the regulation of liver XO activity, lipid accumulation, and relevant renal transporters. Diacylated AF-PSPs reduced body weight and relieved lipid metabolism disorder, liver lipid accumulation, and liver oxidative stress, thereby enhancing insulin utilization and sensitivity, lowering blood sugar, and reducing hyperglycemia in mice. Also, diacylated AF-PSPs restored mRNA levels related to renal fructose metabolism, and reduced kidney injury and inflammation. This study provided experimental evidence for the mechanisms of dual regulation of blood glucose and uric acid (UA) by diacylated AF-PSPs and their utilization as functional foods in the management of metabolic syndrome.多数研究已表明针对黄嘌呤氧化酶（XO）可以成为治疗果糖诱导的高尿酸血症和高血糖症的可行方法，然而本研究旨在评估紫薯双酰基花色苷对高果糖/高脂肪饮食诱发的高血糖和高尿酸血症的双重调节作用及其分子机制。试验检测了小鼠体重、脏器指数、血清生化指标及肝脏抗氧化指标，并对肾脏进行病理切片观察。利用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应检测肾脏中果糖代谢通路酶的信使RNA（mRNA）相对表达量，同时，利用免疫组织化学技术测定肾转运蛋白和炎症因子通路蛋白表达量。研究结果显示：双酰基花色苷可以缓解小鼠的高尿酸血症，这种作用可能与其调节肝脏XO活性、脂质积累和相关的肾脏转运蛋白有关；紫薯双酰基花色苷能够减轻小鼠体重，缓解小鼠脂质代谢紊乱，降低肝脏脂质积累和肝脏氧化应激，从而提高其胰岛素利用率和敏感性，同时能够降低血糖，减少高血糖的发生；此外，双酰基花色苷恢复了与肾脏果糖代谢有关的mRNA水平，并减轻了肾脏损伤和炎症。这项研究为紫薯双酰基花色苷对血糖和尿酸的双重调节机制及其作为功能食品在代谢综合征治疗中的应用提供了实验依据。.