Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most common chronic, inflammatory, autoimmune diseases affecting mainly the joints. Piperine (PIP), an alkaloid found in black pepper, has anti-inflammatory properties and its use in drug delivery systems such as nanoparticles might be a treatment for RA. This study aims to evaluate the possible anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects of PIP and its use in albumin nanoparticles as a possible approach for the treatment of Adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats.