Rheological and spectral analysis of xanthan gum/lysozyme system during nanoparticle fabrication

Summary Nanoparticles (NPs) were fabricated by xanthan gum (XG) and lysozyme (Ly), and the preparation was further analysed to explore the synthesis mechanism. Measurement of sizes and zeta (ζ) potential, transmission electron microscopy, and rheological and spectral demonstration were conducted to investigate molecular changes and interactions between XG and Ly under alkaline conditions and in the gelatinisation process. Results indicated that the ζ potential of the Ly/XG mixture was lower than the sum of Ly and XG at initial alkalisation. The interactions, hyperchromic effect and emission intensity of Ly were enhanced with increased XG concentration. Thus, XG and Ly lost their initial structures and formed metastable state complex. Heating at a high temperature promoted Ly/XG gelatinisation and fabricated stable Ly/XG nanogel for further molecular rearrangement. The worthwhile endeavour prepared Ly/XG NPs through alkali‐coupled thermal method and attempted to provide useful information regarding the synthesis mechanism from rheological and spectral perspectives by simulating preparation condition.