Density, Speed and Direction Aware GPSR Protocol for VANETs

Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANETs) comprises vehicles equipped with wireless transceivers. These vehicles could exchange information directly via vehicle-to-vehicle communication (V2V) without the need of implementing any pre-existing infrastructure. However, Routing in VANET network is not the same as routing in Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET), due to the specific features of VANET like the high dynamic topology caused by the high speed of vehicles. Hence, many VANET routing schemes have already been proposed, but they are not efficient in terms of Packet Delivery Rate (PDR) and throughput or they have a high routing overhead. In this paper, a new position-based routing for VANET has been proposed that is efficient in terms of PDR, throughput and has low overhead. Moreover, the proposed protocol named DVA-GPSR is based upon the classical GPSR routing by taking into account three new metrics in addition to the position of vehicles. Proper vehicle could be selected as a relaying node based on a weight function that includes the proposed metrics, like the angle direction and the speed variation between the sender and the receiver, the density of the next hop and the current location of the destination vehicle. Simulation studies prove that the proposed protocol maximizes the throughput, increases the PDR and decreases routing overhead.