Heavy metal pollution in the surface water of the Yangtze Estuary: A 5-year follow-up study

河口 环境科学 污染 危险系数 沉积物 环境化学 地表径流 特大城市 地表水 雨水 污染物 水文学(农业) 重金属 环境工程 海洋学 化学 地质学 生态学 古生物学 岩土工程 有机化学 生物
作者
Shiyang Yin,Chenghong Feng,Yangyang Li,Lifeng Yin,Zhenyao Shen
出处
期刊:Chemosphere [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:138: 718-725 被引量:88
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.07.060
摘要

The temporal-spatial changes in the concentration and health risk of eight dissolved heavy metals in the Yangtze Estuary over a 5-year period were discussed based on large-scale sampling data. Special attention was paid to the differentiation of metal sources. Concentrations of the metals were present in the following order: Zn≫As>Cu>Cr>Ni>Pb>Cd>Hg, but the hazard quotient indices could be obviously divided into three gradients. More attention should be paid to As, Ni, Pb, and Cr because they increased yearly. Cu, Ni, Pb and As had higher health risks in the nearshore zones, while higher health risks of Zn, Cr, Cd, and Hg were observed in the estuarine channel. Correlations and hierarchical cluster analysis results of metal sources were consistent well with those obtained by temporal-spatial distributions. Shipping activities were the largest contributor to the elevated Zn concentrations in the estuary, while Megacity Shanghai significantly affected the Ni, Cu and As pollution. Yangtze River runoff was the primary source of Cu and As in the estuary. Cd and Cr pollution were closely related to the sediment release under the drive of the "salt-out effect".
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