Bacteriophage-encoded depolymerases: their diversity and biotechnological applications

噬菌体 长尾病毒科 细菌 生物膜 蝗虫科 微生物学 生物 化学 生物化学 大肠杆菌 基因 遗传学
作者
Diana P. Pires,Hugo Oliveira,Luís D. R. Melo,Sanna Sillankorva,Joana Azeredo
出处
期刊:Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology [Springer Nature]
卷期号:100 (5): 2141-2151 被引量:333
标识
DOI:10.1007/s00253-015-7247-0
摘要

Bacteriophages (phages), natural enemies of bacteria, can encode enzymes able to degrade polymeric substances. These substances can be found in the bacterial cell surface, such as polysaccharides, or are produced by bacteria when they are living in biofilm communities, the most common bacterial lifestyle. Consequently, phages with depolymerase activity have a facilitated access to the host receptors, by degrading the capsular polysaccharides, and are believed to have a better performance against bacterial biofilms, since the degradation of extracellular polymeric substances by depolymerases might facilitate the access of phages to the cells within different biofilm layers. Since the diversity of phage depolymerases is not yet fully explored, this is the first review gathering information about all the depolymerases encoded by fully sequenced phages. Overall, in this study, 160 putative depolymerases, including sialidases, levanases, xylosidases, dextranases, hyaluronidases, peptidases as well as pectate/pectin lyases, were found in 143 phages (43 Myoviridae, 47 Siphoviridae, 37 Podoviridae, and 16 unclassified) infecting 24 genera of bacteria. We further provide information about the main applications of phage depolymerases, which can comprise areas as diverse as medical, chemical, or food-processing industry.
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