Powder Metallurgy Processing to Enhance Superelasticity and Shape Memory in Polycrystalline Cu–Al–Ni Alloys: Reference Material for Additive Manufacturing

形状记忆合金 材料科学 假弹性 微观结构 粉末冶金 冶金 微晶 形状记忆合金* 热等静压 纹理(宇宙学) 复合材料 马氏体 计算机科学 算法 图像(数学) 人工智能
作者
Mikel Pérez-Cerrato,Jose F. Gómez‐Cortés,Ernesto Urionabarrenetxea,I. Ruiz‐Larrea,F. Carreño,Ízaro Ayesta,M.L. Nó,Nerea Burgos,J. San Juán
出处
期刊:Materials [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:17 (24): 6165-6165 被引量:1
标识
DOI:10.3390/ma17246165
摘要

Shape memory alloys (SMAs) are functional materials with a wide range of applications, from the aerospace sector to the biomedical field. Nowadays, there is a worldwide interest in developing SMAs through powder metallurgy like additive manufacturing (AM), which allows innovative building processes. However, producing SMAs using AM techniques is particularly challenging because of the microstructure required to obtain optimal functional properties. This aspect is critical in the case of Cu–Al–based SMAs, due to their high elastic anisotropy, making them brittle in polycrystalline form. In this work, we approached the processing of a Cu–Al–Ni SMA following a specific powder metallurgy route: gas atomization of a pre-alloyed melt; compaction of the atomized powders through hot isostatic pressing; and a final hot rolling plus thermal treatments. Then, the microstructure of the material was characterized by electron microscopy showing a specific [001] texture in the rolling direction that improved the functional behavior. The successive processing steps produce an increase of about 40 °C in the martensitic transformation temperatures, which can be well controlled and reproduced through the developed methodology. The thermomechanical functional properties of superelasticity and shape memory were evaluated on the final SMA. Outstanding, fully recoverable superelastic behavior of 4.5% in tension, as well as a ±5% full shape memory recovery in bending, were reported for many cycles. These experiments demonstrate the enhanced mechanical and functional properties obtained in polycrystalline Cu–Al–Ni SMAs by powder metallurgy. The present results pave the road for producing this kind of SMA with the new AM technologies, which always produce polycrystalline components and can improve their processes taking the powder metallurgy SMA, here produced, as reference material.
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