Our home is a place of refuge and protection, where we spend an average of 80 % of our time. Indoor air quality is an essential element that directly influences the health and well-being of individuals. The main sources of indoor pollution are human activity, which releases not only fine particles and carbon monoxide, but also volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A growing number of studies show a relationship between respiratory pathologies such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma or Sick Building Syndrome, and exposure to VOCs. The aim of this article is to explore the relationship between VOCs and respiratory diseases, as well as the strategies to prevent their effect on health.