小胶质细胞
突触修剪
神经科学
神经发生
突触
生物
串扰
中枢神经系统
吞噬作用
生物神经网络
炎症
细胞生物学
免疫学
光学
物理
作者
Anran Huo,Jiali Wang,Qi Li,Mengqi Li,Yuwan Qi,Qiao Yin,Weifeng Luo,Jijun Shi,Qifei Cong
标识
DOI:10.4103/1673-5374.385854
摘要
Microglia are the main non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system that have important roles in brain development and functional connectivity of neural circuits. In brain physiology, highly dynamic microglial processes are facilitated to sense the surrounding environment and stimuli. Once the brain switches its functional states, microglia are recruited to specific sites to exert their immune functions, including the release of cytokines and phagocytosis of cellular debris. The crosstalk of microglia between neurons, neural stem cells, endothelial cells, oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes contributes to their functions in synapse pruning, neurogenesis, vascularization, myelination, and blood-brain barrier permeability. In this review, we highlight the neuron-derived "find-me," "eat-me," and "don't eat-me" molecular signals that drive microglia in response to changes in neuronal activity for synapse refinement during brain development. This review reveals the molecular mechanism of neuron-microglia interaction in synaptic pruning and presents novel ideas for the synaptic pruning of microglia in disease, thereby providing important clues for discovery of target drugs and development of nervous system disease treatment methods targeting synaptic dysfunction.
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