Association between preoperative serum myoglobin and acute kidney injury after Stanford Type A aortic dissection surgery

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication after Type A aortic dissection (TAAD) surgery, and it is associated with poor outcomes. The nephrotoxic effect of myoglobin was established, but its correlation with AKI following TAAD repair still lacks sufficient evidence. We clarified the correlation between preoperative serum myoglobin (pre-sMyo) concentrations and AKI after TAAD surgery. A retrospective analysis was performed on the perioperative data of 382 patients treated with TAAD surgery at Beijing Anzhen Hospital. AKI was defined and classified according to the criteria established by the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes Acute Kidney Injury Work Group. We attempted to determine the correlation between pre-sMyo concentrations and postoperative AKI. The incidences of Stage 1, 2, and 3 AKI were 37.3 % (57/153), 23.5 % (36/153), and 39.2 % (60/153), respectively. The pre-sMyo concentrations of the AKI group were significantly increased than the non-AKI group [43.1 (21.4, 107.5) vs 26.4 (18.0, 37.2), P < 0.001]. Pre-sMyo concentrations have a linear correlation with preoperative renal function-related indicators. The multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that Ln (pre-sMyo) was an independent risk factor for AKI. When the pre-sMyo concentration was at the fourth quartile [109.3 (64.8, 213.4) ng/ml], the risk of developing any-stage and severe AKI was significantly increased (OR = 4.333, 95 % CI: 2.364–7.943, P < 0.001; OR = 3.862, 95 %, CI: 2.011–7.419, P < 0.001). This difference persisted after adjustment (OR = 3.830, 95 % CI: 1.848–7.936, P < 0.001; OR = 2.330, 95 % CI: 1.045–5.199, P = 0.039). Furthermore, pre-sMyo concentrations were not affected by lower limb malperfusion, myocardial malperfusion, and cardiac tamponade. Increased pre-sMyo concentrations correlated with postoperative AKI in TAAD, which may increase the risk of developing any-stage AKI and severe AKI after TAAD surgery.