Performance of thermal management system for cylindrical battery containing bionic spiral fin wrapped with phase change material and embedded in liquid cooling plate

To enhance the cooling and preheating performance of the battery, a novel hybrid battery thermal management system (BTMS) containing bionic spiral fins wrapped with phase change material (PCM) and embedded liquid cooling is proposed. The cylindrical battery is strategically positioned on a spiral fin, the heat of the battery and PCM is transferred to the cold plate through the extended winglets. The thickness (L1), height (L2), distance (L3) and number of winding turns (N) of fin are optimized using the response surface method (RSM). The effects of the liquid cooling duration, flow rate, channel shape and direction of the flow channel on the latent heat recovery of PCM and the cooling performance of the battery module are analyzed. The results demonstrated that at the duration of 600 s and flow rate of 0.09 g/s, the liquid fraction of PCM reduced from 57 % to 26 %. Furthermore, the preheating efficiency of the BTMS was investigated under different parameter configuration and boundary conditions. The preheating temperature increased by 5.6 °C compared with the BTMS without fins. Additionally, the temperature difference (ΔT) of the BTMS with Layout 2 decreases by 0.5 °C compared with 4.1 °C of Layout 1 at flow rate of 0.5 g/s.