Advances and Outlook of Metal–Organic Frameworks as High-Performance Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction: A Minireview

The increasing demand for renewable energy technologies to safeguard the natural world has led to electrocatalysis's emergence as a promising hydrogen generation method. Recently, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have attracted interest as electrocatalysts due to their unique characteristics, including expansive surface areas, exceptional porosity, and readily modifiable optical and electronic properties. This review comprehensively summarizes MOFs' recent improvement in heterogeneous catalysis and their composites/derivatives for promoting the high efficiency of the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Furthermore, a profound assessment of the challenges and expectations for the development of MOF-based electrocatalysts is provided.