[Protein carbamylation: what it is and why it concerns nephrologists].

Spontaneous urea dissociation in water solution is a prominent source of protein carbamylation in our body. Protein carbamylation is a well-known phenomenon since early seventies. Some years ago, much interest in the diagnostic power of carbamylated protein arouse. Recently the target of the researches focused on its potential cardiovascular pathogenicity. Some authors claimed that this could be a reason for higher cardiovascular mortality in uremic patients. Nutritional therapy, amino acids supplementation and intensive dialysis regimen are some of the therapeutic tools tested to lower the carbamylation burst in this population.