Combinational therapies for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer

From a therapeutic standpoint, invasive cervical cancer can be designated as early, locally advanced, and advanced stages. Systemic treatment remains the primary therapeutical modality for advanced cervical cancer patients who are not candidates for local curative treatments (surgery and radiation).In this review, the author discusses recent clinical studies published in PubMed on the treatment of advanced cervical carcinoma. The author also provides his expert perspectives on the current state of play.Survival outcomes for advanced cervical cancer patients have been steadily improving since 1981, when single-agent cisplatin was adopted as the standard of care. In 2014, bevacizumab increased median overall survival (MOS) to 17 months when combined with standard chemotherapy (platinum-paclitaxel). In 2021, the checkpoint inhibitor (CPI) pembrolizumab, when used in the first line added to platinum-paclitaxel-bevacizumab, increased mOS to 24 months. Two other CPIs are in phase III trials as first-line treatments. As for second-line therapy, cemiplimab has shown increased survival compared to single-agent chemotherapy, and a phase III trial with tisotumab vedotin is currently ongoing. Nevertheless, there is still an unmet need for new more effective treatments and significant efforts are needed in the discovery of drugs for advanced cervical cancer beyond the current 'me-too' drugs.