社会经济地位
心理学
工作记忆
发展心理学
认知
任务(项目管理)
时间贴现
工作记忆训练
认知心理学
冲动性
神经科学
人口
人口学
社会学
经济
管理
作者
Xiaojie Zhao,Yixuan Wang,Joseph H. R. Maes
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105347
摘要
Individuals differ in their tendency to discount delayed rewards. Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been found to be associated with strong delayed reward discounting (DRD), which in turn contributes to risky decision making and adverse behaviors. However, research on possible cognitive mediators of the negative association between SES and DRD, and on effects of cognitive training in low-SES adolescents, is largely lacking. In examining Chinese adolescents (aged 11-15 years; N = 207), Study 1 assessed which aspect of working memory (WM)-simple maintenance, simple manipulation, or updating-serves as mediator, which proved to be WM updating. Based on this outcome, in Study 2 Chinese adolescents (aged 12-14 years; N = 73) with low family SES were assigned to a WM updating training condition or a control condition. All participants performed DRD and WM tasks before and after treatment. The trained adolescents showed positive training effects on DRD, and this effect was specifically correlated with beneficial training effects on performance on a WM updating transfer task. These results support the role of WM updating in DRD and might inform training programs to promote more favorable decision making in low-SES adolescents.
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