[Acyltransferases involved in plant secondary metabolism: classification, structure, reaction mechanism].

Acyltransferases'participate in many metabolic pathways in plants, especially in secondary metabolism pathways. These enzymes catalyse transfer of an acyl group from energy-rich donor molecule to nucleophilic group of an acceptor molecule resulting in ester bond formation. Plant acyltransferases can be divided into two families: serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases (SCPL) and BAHD acyltransferases (named after its first four characterized enzymes). Based on differences in substrate specificity and aminoacid sequence, BAHD acyltransferas-es have been classified into five clades. SCPL acyltransferases utilise energy-rich 1-O-β-D-glucose esters as donors of an acyl group, instead of coenzyme A thioesters, which are substrates for acyltransferases from more abundant BAHD family. SCPL acyliransferases are homologous to hydrolases from serine carboxypeptidases family. They share some structural elements, such as conserved catalitic triad or αβ hydrolase fold.