The Cu2+-doped BiOIO3 photocatalyst was prepared by hydrothermal method, with larger specific surface area and enhanced photocatalytic oxidation efficiency of elemental mercury. The crystallinity of the catalyst was affected by the doping ratios of Cu2+. The doping of Cu2+ could make BiOIO3 easier to achieve electron-hole separation and migration and expands the light response range of BiOIO3. The photocatalytic removal of gaseous mercury was used to study the effect of copper ion doping BiOIO3 on the photocatalytic activity of the sample, and the photocatalytic reaction mechanism of Cu2+-doped BiOIO3 was proposed.