Inter-storm variation in microplastic concentration and polymer type at stormwater outfalls and a bioretention basin

雨水 生态调节池 排水口 环境科学 水文学(农业) 地表径流 环境化学 合流下水道 风暴 废水 环境工程 化学 地质学 生态学 海洋学 岩土工程 生物
作者
William Boni,Georgia Arbuckle-Keil,Nicole Fahrenfeld
出处
期刊:Science of The Total Environment [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:809: 151104-151104 被引量:17
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151104
摘要

Microplastics (MP) are a commonly reported pollutant in the freshwater, marine, and soil environment. Few studies to date have reported MP concentrations and polymer types observed in stormwater, particularly not for catchments with separate storm sewers. The objectives of this study were to determine the microplastic concentration, polymer fingerprints, and the inter-storm variation of MP in two stormwater outfalls and a bioretention basin. Composite stormwater samples were collected at each site across three rain events each in catchments with urban and suburban land use. Particles 250 to 2000 μm were collected, separated into two sizes classes, treated with a wet peroxide oxidation, density separated with NaCl, and buoyant particles (fragments, films, and spheres) were collected for analysis with attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Significant differences were observed in the total polymer concentrations and profiles between the sampling sites, potentially due to differences in land use within the catchments sampled, but not between size classes. The highest MP concentrations were observed in samples from the bioretention basin compared to the stormwater outfalls sampled, indicating the potential for green infrastructure to capture MP in the size range studied here. A weak but significant negative correlation was observed between cumulative rainfall (1.5 to 4.5 cm) and MP concentrations but no correlation was observed between antecedent dry days and MP concentrations. These data represent a conservative measure of MP concentrations given that fibers, particles <250 μm, and non-buoyant particles (i.e., density > 1.2 g/mL) were not targeted, but all targeted particles were analyzed with ATR-FTIR. Overall, these results presented provide insight into the loading and character (size, morphology, polymer type) of buoyant MP particles in stormwater that may be useful in designing mitigation strategies.
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